Latest advances in boron neutron capture therapy for intracranial glioblastoma

Yi-Wei Chen; Pei-Fan Mu; Ting-Yu Huang; Ko-Han Lin; Po-Shen Pan; Jen-Kun Chen; Hong-Ming Liu; Meng-Hao Wu; Fong-In Chou

doi:10.4103/2311-3006.362638

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Year : 2022 \| Volume : 9 \| Issue : 4 \| Page : 129-134

Latest advances in boron neutron capture therapy for intracranial glioblastoma Yi-Wei Chen¹, Pei-Fan Mu², Ting-Yu Huang³, Ko-Han Lin⁴, Po-Shen Pan⁵, Jen-Kun Chen⁶, Hong-Ming Liu⁷, Meng-Hao Wu⁸, Fong-In Chou⁷ ¹ Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University; Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei City; Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology; College of Nuclear Science, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan ² College of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, Taiwan ³ Department of Nursing, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan ⁴ Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan ⁵ Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan ⁶ Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan ⁷ Department of Nuclear Science and Technology Development, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan ⁸ Department of Radiation Oncology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan Correspondence Address: Dr. Yi-Wei Chen Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei City 11217 Taiwan Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None DOI: 10.4103/2311-3006.362638

Objective: Glioblastoma (WHO classification Grade IV) is a highly malignant brain tumor with a high propensity for recurrence even after standard treatments. Patient death is inevitable, as the available methods are largely ineffective for remediation and treatment once recurrence has occurred. This review presents recent advancements in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) that have allowed for its clinical use in treating glioblastoma. Data Sources: We retrospectively reviewed the results of clinical trials and articles published in the past 30 years worldwide. Study Selection: All included studies addressed the use of BNCT to treat high-grade gliomas, including glioblastoma. Results: The development of boron-containing agents exhibiting specificity and improvements in technologies that generate neutron sources have led to the clinical use of BNCT for treating tumors. BNCT involves the delivery of a boron-10-containing drug specifically to tumor cells, followed by irradiation with low-energy thermal neutrons to generate two biologically active particles (helium [α particle] and lithium nuclei). Although these particles are highly effective at destroying cells, their field of destruction is limited to the tumor cells. Therefore, BNCT serves as an excellent mode of targeted particle therapy for tumors, particularly those that are infiltrative. The published articles reviewed here demonstrate the gradual refinement of the BNCT technique and prolonged survival for glioma patients compared to conventional treatments. Conclusion: With continued improvements, BNCT may become the first-choice treatment for malignant infiltrative glioblastoma in the near future.



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