| CASE REPORT |
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| Year : 2022 | Volume
: 9
| Issue : 1 | Page : 37-40 |
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Neutropenic necrotizing enterocolitis: A life-threatening complication after aggressive chemotherapy for leukemia
Chih-Ching Chin1, Junping Shiau2, Chi-Wen Lou3, Mei-Ren Pan4, Fang-Ming Chen3, Ming-Feng Hou3
1 Department of Pathology, E-DA Hospital, Taiwan
2 Division of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University; Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Taiwan
3 Division of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
4 Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Junping Shiau
Division of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, No. 100, Ziyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City 807
Taiwan
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/JCRP.JCRP_19_21
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Neutropenic enterocolitis can occur after aggressive chemotherapy with a wide range of severity from mild to life threatening. Neutropenic necrotizing enterocolitis (NNE) is a catastrophic condition that has rarely been discussed in the literature. Here, we present the case of a 27-year-old previously healthy female who was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia and underwent a first course of chemotherapy. Severe neutropenia, high fever, and abdominal pain were noted 5 days later. After medical treatment had failed, emergent laparotomy was performed. Several patches of transmural necrosis were seen at the jejunum, and resection with primary anastomosis was done. However, more newly formed necrotic patches were found over the small bowel during second-look surgery 2 days later. This report emphasizes that NNE is an irreversible ongoing process refractory to medical or surgical treatments, and physicians should be cautious of this syndrome when using aggressive chemotherapy.
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