| REVIEW ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2021 | Volume
: 8
| Issue : 1 | Page : 1-8 |
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Molecular biology of urothelial carcinoma
Peir- In Liang1, Ti- Chun Chan2, Yow- Ling Shiue3, Chien- Feng Li4
1 Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
2 Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center; National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
3 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University; Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
4 Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center; National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan; Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Chien- Feng Li
Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, No. 901, Chunghwa Road, Yung Kang Dist., Tainan City 710
Taiwan
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/JCRP.JCRP_1_21
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Objective: Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a common malignant tumor worldwide. Extensive genomic data analysis revealed that UC has a complex molecular character. From the perspective of cancer hallmarks reviewed the molecular biology participated in the tumorigenesis of UC. Data Sources: We inspected the results of multiple studies of UC focusing on the hallmarks of cancer. Results: UC has distinctive molecular pathways involved in sustained proliferative signaling, evasion of growth suppressors, resistance to cell death, promotion of replicative immortality, induction of angiogenesis, activation of invasion and metastasis, genome instability and mutation, tumor-promoting inflammation, reprogramming of energy metabolism, and evasion of immune destruction. Conclusion: From the perspective of the hallmark of cancer, we revealed the many-sided biological behavior of UC.
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